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(No Model.) 3 Sheets--Sheet l,

C. MGKINLBY. Type Writing Machine. No. 232,741. Patented Sept. 28,1880.

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0. MGKINLEY.

Type Writing Machine. N0.'232,741. Patented Sept. 28, ISSCIMN 747m am es s [72 z/wzzar N.FE1F.RS. PHOTO-LITNDGRAPHER, WASHINGTON, o C.

(No Model.) sheetssheen 3.

, C. MGKINLEY. Type Writing Machine. No. 232,741. Patented Sept. 28,1880.

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l @QM jf W if@ QQ Unirse Sintes CARL MOKINLEY, OF WASHINGTON, DISTRICTOF COLUMBIA.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No.

l To all whom it may concern Be it known that I, CARL MCKINLEY, acitizen of the United States, residing at /Vashington, in the Districtof Columbia, have invented a new and useful T 7pe-riting Machine, ofwhich the following is a specication.

My invention relates to improvements in type-writing machines in which alaterally and vertically swinging handl lever or key operates by itslateral motion a t 'pe-wheel, and by its vertical motion a printinglever or hammer and paper-feeding device; and the objects of myimprovements are, irst, to produce by very simple means and manipulationa neat and clear print of large or capital and small letters,punctuation-marks, numerals, and all other characters and signs used inordinary writing and printing; second, to effect an instantaneouschangein the use ofthe different kinds of letters, characters, signs,Sto., withoutinterruption of the printing process; and, thirdly. tosubstitute entire groups, classes, or styles of the type used, one foranother-as from Roman to Italic, plain to ornamental, Greek to Hebrew,Ste-with such readiness of action as to occasion but triiiing delay inthe operation ot' the machine, at the same time that its scope isthereby enlarged to an almost unlimited extent. I attain these objectsby the mechanism illustrated in the accompanying drawings, in which-Figure l is a side elevation of m y type-writing machine, a part of theplatform being broken -away in order to expose the mechanism otherwisehidden by it; Fig. 2, atop view ot' the same, Fig. 3, a bottom View ofthe same. Figa is acentral longitudinal section of the feeding device.section in the line x of Fig. 4. Fig. 6 is a top view of a type-shield,as will be explained.

Similarletters refer to similar parts through out the severa-l views.

Aisa platform, supported bylegs c or other suitable means. B is an armfastened to the rear part of the platform, which, by preference, isinclined at an angle of about thirty degrees, in order to facilitate thereading of the printed matterduringthe printing process. By means of Aand B the devices for operating the typewheel, the printinghammer, andthe feed movement are supported.

p low the A, and a suitable p means of springs e2, fastened to theplatform A.

Fig. 5 is a transverse 232,741, dated september 2s, 1880,

, Application filed July 14, 1880. (No model.)

To the front part of the platform A a bearing, C, is attached, by meansof a vertical pivot, c. (Shown in dotted lilies in Fig. 1.) To thisbearing a lever, D, is attached, by means of a horizontal pin, d, andthus the said lever may be moved vertically and horizontally.

The lever D may t0n, d',

be provided with a butand a pointer, d2, at its free end. Bebutton awedge, d3, is formed, which tits into similarly-shaped notches c in asector-plate, E. This plate E swings on two arms, c', suitably hung tothe bottom of the platform apertureis made in the platform to allow theplate E to swing up and flown, as is shown at a in Figs. 1, 2, and 3.

The plate E is held in its normal position by in a suitable way In frontof the notches e the letters, punc mation-marks, and other characters tobe used are marked to guide the operator, the central notch being leftblank to correspond with a similar blank space on the type-wheel, forthe purpose of producing the necessaryinterval or spacing between thewords as written orprinted in ordinary practice.

The letters ofthe alphabet, characters, Ste., are arranged alternatelyon either side of such blank space or central notch inl the order of thefrequency of their respective use, so that those which are most usedshall lie nearest to such central notch, and those which are less usedat proportionately greater distance and in proper order, as explained.The number of notches in the sectorplate E will somewhat exceed thenumber of letters ot' the alphabet, if necessary 5 but it is intendedthat each such notch sh all represent, say three different typesorcharacters, (the centralnotch alone excepted, by reason of itsspecific ofce,) only one of which can be printed at a time, subject tothe will of the operator.

Behind the plate E a plate, F, is provided, which moves in a suitableaperture, c2, of the platform A, and is attached tothe lever F of theprinting-hammer, and above the said plate F the lever D has aproject-ing abutment, d4, which touches the plate F as soon as the wedged3 is seated in one of the notches e.

The rear arm of the lever F ends with a turned- IOO up head, f, whichmay be covered with leather or other suitable material, and whichconstitutes the printing hammer or head. This printing-hammer standsopposite an oscillating and revolving type-wheel, G, which is providedwith a number of rows of types of letters and other characters, g, threesuch rows bein gindicated inthe aecompanyin g drawings. The types g maybe the same as those used in ordinary printing, and may be inserted insuitable socket-holesin the type-wheel and secured in place by a littlesolder. modes of fastening may, however, be adopted nstead of thisdevice.

Types of any suitable material, and with or without hardened surfaces,may be usd.

The type-wheel, again, may be composed `of a number of wheels, eachprovided with a circular row of suitable notches adapted for theinsertion of types, which wheels may be suitably screwed or otherwisefastened together, so as to clamp the types tightly between them or thetype wheel or wheels may be solid and having the letters and charactersengraved upon their cylindrical surf'ace.

Instead of such type wheel or wheels, as above described, havin graisedletters and characters, stencils maybe used,arran ged in a suitablemanner upon the wheel G. The letters and characters upon this wheelGwillextend around the surface of the wheel at regular intervals, withsuitable spaces between, and in an order correspondin g to that of thesame letters and characters upon the sector-plate E, a blank spacebeingleft upon the type-wheel to correspond to the similar blank spaceupon said sectorplate, for the purpose of producing the proper spacingsbetween words, &c., as already eX- plained.

On the rear part of the bearing C a toothed sector-wheel, c', is formed,into which a conical toothed wheel, g, is iliade to gear accurately.This wheel g is attached to a shaft, g', suitably hung in the arm B,which shaft carries the type-Wheel G by means of a sleeve, g2. Atransverse pin, g3, causes the sleeve and the type-wheel attachedthereon to revolve with the shaft g', while a longitudinal slot, g4,allows said sleeve and type-wheel to be moved longitudinally upon it.

A loose collar, g5, is placed upon a suitable reduction of the sleeveg2, and is held there bymeans of a rigid collar, gs, so that the collarg5 may turn on the sleeve without longitudinal movement. v

Two trunnions, g'f, are provided on the collar g5, and these trunnionsare fitted into the forked head t of a connecting-rod, It. This deviceserves to move the sleeve gz longitudinally without hindering it fromrevolving; and as this is a general and well-known device whichis oftenused in machine-building I have not ldeemed it necessary to illustrateit by special sketches and detail views.

The connecting rod h is attached to the lower arm of a lever, i, in thearm B, which is 'of the lever t' a horizontal slide,

Other suitable e suitably hollowed out to receive thelever and allow itfree movement, and to the upper arm I, is attached, which is suitablyfitted into the upper part of the arm B, and is provided with a handle,t', and a stop -lever, t2. The lever t2 is pivoted at t3 to the slide I,and extends forward beyond the slide, and ends with a head, t4, which ismade to enter notches b in the bottom of the bearing provided for theslide I. A spring, 5, fastened to said slide, and bearing against thelever i2, serves to keep the head t* in whatever notch it may beplaced.These notches b correspond to the arrangement of the rows of types g8 onthe type-wheel G, and by moving the slide I and allowing` the head t4 toenter the first, second, or thirdnoteh, b, respectively, the first,second,or third row of types is moved into the required position for'printingfrom them, immediately above the printinghammer f, and is heldthere.

The sleeve g2 has one rigid bearingin a projection of the overhangingbracket or arm B, as at b2, and may have one removable bearing,b3,fastened toI the end of the arm B by means of a set-screw, b4. Whenthe bearing b3V is removed free access to the type-wheel can be had, andthat wheel may be readily removed and another' similar wheel, bearing,however, an entirely different set and style of letters, characters,Ste., be. quickly substituted for it to meet the tastes of the operatoror the requirements of his work. This substitution can be effected, asis apparent, without disturbing any other portion of the mechanism.

Upon the rear end of the lever t2 another lever, J, bears, which ispivoted at j to the arm B, and has a vertical slide, K, attached to itby means of a pin, 7c. Thisslide K is tted into a suitable vertical slotinv the arm B, and its lower part is forked and has an inkwheel, J',hung to it. A spring, j', fastened to the arm B, bears upon the slide K,and thus causes the lever J to be always in contact with the lever t2.Thus when the lever t? is turned upward the ink-wheel J is4 lifted offthe typewheel Gr, and the type-wheel can bev shifted longitudinally bymeans of the slide I without clogging the face of the type with ink.

An ordinary inkin g device for supplying ink to the ink-wheel Jl andsuitably distributing the same upon its surface will, in practice, befastened to the arm B and connected with said ink-wheel, or, if itshould be deemed necessary or preferable on any account, the inkwheeland inking device, as abovedescribed or referred to, may be discardedaltogether and its place and ofce supplied by theink band.

or ribbon now in general use, which would'be suitably attached to thearm B in such. manner asto bring said ,inkband1 or ribbon 4into theproper position for printing,to wit, above the paper and between thesurface of the typewheel and printing head or hammer.

Below the type-wheel two rollers, L L', are hung in a suitable frame, l,one side of which IOO IIO

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QSQJME 3 frame slides in a groove, a, of the platform A. The center ofsaid frame Z consists of a longitudinal rib, l', with ratchet-teeth Z2at the bottom. This rib Z slidesin atransverse guidegroove, et, formedin the platform, which guide closes around the sides and bottom of therib ZL, with thev exception of the bottom on the right side, which isopen to the center. The left end of the rib is provided with an arm, m,to which the end of a clock-springis attached. This clock-sprin g M issuitably attached to a pin, m', of a stand, m2, on the platform A. Thetendency of the spring M to wind itself upon the pin m serves to pullthe frame Z from the right to the left, and thus furnishes the power fora self-feed ofthe paper. This feed is controlled by an escape-lever, M',suitably hung to the platform A and provided with an angular arm, m3,which extends under the lever F ofthe printing-hamn'ier, and is heldupon said arm by means of` a tension-spring, m4.

The stroke of the lever F being greater than that of the escape-leverM', it follows that the operation of the latter takes place before andafter the printing, and the paper is not moved during the actotprinting.

Upon the roller L they paper X is rolled, and as it is dischargedtherefrom to the roller L it passes under a guide-roller, L2, suitablyhung tothe frame I, and is thus held even with the surface of theplatform A. In passing over the rollerLl the paper is pressed against itby a roller, L3, of elastic material, whereby it is caused to moveevenly, and with a slight tension between the rollers L and L. Each ofthe said rollers L L may be provided with a pulley, Z3, over which acord, Z4, is passed, which keeps the rollers in uniform movement andenables the operator to move the paper with either hand by means of athumb head or button, Z5, secured to the right end of roller L and tothe left end of rollerL Thislatter device, which constitutes thetransverse feedmotion, serves to locate the paper for the new or nextline, when one has been printed, and so on consecutively, and is workedby hand. A dial-plate and pointer or ratchet wheel and pawl may,however, be used in connection with one of the rollers in order toinsure accuracy of spacing between the lines of print.

A bar, f, suitably fastened to the platform A by means of screws a,forms the upper part of the groove a3, and when the frame Z is to betaken out of its bearings this bar a7 must be first removed.

A type-shield, N, is suitably fastened to the arm B, and extends underthe type-wheel G, where it is provided with an aperture, n, sufficientlylarge to admit of the printing from any required type, while it preventsthe neighboring type from being touched by the paper.

Operation: The ink-wheelhavin g been properly supplied with ink, or theink-ribbon having been placed in position, as described, and i a sheetof paper of any width less than the length of the rollers L L having`been proppointer cZz upon the plate E.

erly and neatly :rolled upon L, its free end is passed forward under theguideroller LZ and suitably inserted between the rollers L L3. Theoperator now moves the frame Zto the right, which causes theratchet-teeth Z2 to slide over the ends of the escape-lever M and windsthe spring M upon the pin m until the paper is brought into the desiredposition under the type-wheel for receiving the imprint of the firstletter. The operator next moves the lever D into a notch, e,representing the letter or character he desires to print, whereby thecorresponding type upon the type-wheel G is brought uudermost and intoposition above the slot n in the type-shield N and above the hammer orprinting-head f. The wedge Z3 is now pressed into the notch e, alreadyindicated, and the downward pressure is continued until the notchedplate E is depressed as far as possible, whereby the abutment (Z4 iscaused to press at the same time upon the plate F,

which throws the hanimer f up'against the' paper, which, in turn,receives a correct print from the 4superimposed type, this print beingthat of the letter or character indicated by the The lever D is nowlifted above the plate E. This plate and the lever F resume their normalpositions, and the latter in so doing moves the arm mof ftheescape-lever M downward, whereby the frame Z and the paper which itbears are `moved to the left the distance of one-half a tooth, Z2', orof one-hait' the width between the ;types g, measuring from center tocenter. By the next upward movement of the lever F the aim m3 is movedup by the spring m4, and the position of the escape-lever M is reversed,and thus'the frame Zis moved to the left the distance, again, ofone-half the space between the types, as already explained. VIt isseen,`

therefore, that two movements of the escapelever M take place betweenthe printing of each letter, whereby the distance which the frame Z ismoved to the left always amounts to the full space between the types g8,as is required. ln this manner the printing is continued; but when achange of type is required, as from a small letter to aeapital letter,or for the purposes of punctuation or insertion of figures, Sec., thecorresponding row of type on the type-wheel is moved into the necessaryposition by moving the slide I. This is accomplished by pressing thehandle 'i' and stop-lever Z2 together by means ot' the thumb and foreflnger of the left hand, preferably,- and moving the slide I until the headit of the lever 112 stands opposite the correspon ding notch b in thearm B. The lever D is then turned opposite the desired auxiliary letteror character marked upon the plate E, and the printing goes on, asbefore described. lf more than an ordinary space is required between twoWords or sentences, or for theconclusion of a paragraph, die., the leverD is moved down into the central notch on the plate E as many times insuccession as may be required to ef- IOC IIO

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feet the desired end, and a blank space will appear on the paper of asmany type-widths as there may be movements of the lever.

When letters and characters of different sizes, or styles, or kinds arerequired to be used the type-wheel is removed by first removing thebearing b", then unscrewing the nut gm and slipping the type-wheel fromthe sleeve g2. Another type-wheel, with the type desired, is thenplacedin position upon the sleeve g2 and secured between the collar 99and nut glo, the bearing b3 is replaced and the printing may be resumedfrom the point where it was discontinued, or elsewhere.

The lever F' may be extended forward under the plate E, as indicated indotted lines, and be operated by the saine, in which case the plate Fand the abutment d4 will be omitted.

This modification,however, would not alterthe principle or any essentialfeature of my invention.

Another modification of my type-writer consists in the arrangement ofthe main parts, so that the arm B, with the shaft g', shall be at rightangles to its position, as indicated in the accompanying drawings, andto the lever D when thatlever is at rest in the central notch ofthesector-plate E. This modification would require the toothed sector-wheelc' to conform to the changed position of the conical toothed wheel g,and the lever F' to be so changed in direction as to bring thehammer-head f into proper position to conform to the changed position ofthe type-wheel G. The rear portion of the platform A would also be inthe same plane with the front portion, as the inclined position would beno longer desirable. These several rearrangements also, as is apparent,would involve no alteration of the principle of the invention, or of anyessential part, but would reduce the machine to somewhat more compactform, and would bring the paper and printed lines nearer to the hand andeye of the operator, as might be preferable in certain cases, notnecessary to be specified in this connect-ion.

Having thus described my invention, what I claim, and desire to secureby Letters Patent, is-

1. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of thehorizontally and vertically moving operating-lever, the revolvingtype-wheel having the circumferentially-arranged types, Ste., theshaftwith which said type-wheel turns, the gearing connecting said shaftand operating-lever, and the printinghammer actuated by theoperating-lever to press the paper against the type-wheel orinking-ribbon.

2. The combination of the vertically and horizontally movingoperating-lever, the bearing C, turning in the platform and providedwith a sector-gear. and to which said lever is pivoted to playvertically, the type-wheel supporting-shaft provided with the gear-wheelmeshing with said sector-gear, the sleeve reciprocating on and turningwith said shaft, the type-wheel fastened on said sleeve, and providedwith circumferen tially-arran ged rows of types, &c., and theprinting-hammer actuated by the operating-lever, substantially as andfor the purpose hereinbefore set forth.

3. The combination, substantially as hereinbefore set forth, of theplatform, the printing-hammer beneath it, the arm .overhanging theplatform, the type-wheel having the circnmferentiallyarranged rows oftypes, &c., the sleeve to which the type-wheel is fastened, theturning-shaft supported by said overhanging arm, and with which thetype-wheel sleeve turns while having the capacity of movement endwisethereon, and means, essentially such as described, for sliding saidsleeve along its shaft to bring one or other of the rows of types, Src.,into the described position relatively to the printing-hammer and securethe type- Wheel against accidental endwisemovement while admitting ofits rotation.

4. The combination of the printing-lever F', having a spring, m4, thespring M, escape-lever M', having arm m3, and the feed-frame l,constructed and operating substantially asy set forth.

5. The combination of the notched yielding sector-plate E, theoperating-lever D, having an abutment, d4, and the printing-lever F',having abutting-plate F, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

6. The combination, with the shifting slide I, stop-lever i2, and leverJ of the inking-roller, substantially as and for the purpose set forth.

7. The combination of the revolving typewheel, the vertically andhorizontally moving operatinglever, the type-wheel supportingshaftgeared with said lever, the printinghammer, the vertically-yieldingnotched sector-plate, and the wedge projection on the operatinglever,whereby turning movement of the type-wheel is guarded against during theaction of the hammer, substantially as described.

Witnesses: CARL MGKINLEY.

J. I. THEO. LANG, G. H. THEO. LANG.

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